The pirates are ranked based on their experience (Pirate 1 to Pirate 6,
If at least half of the pirates agree on the plan, the gold is split according to the proposal. If not, the most experienced pirate is thrown off the ship and this process continues with the remaining pirates until a proposal is accepted. The first priority of the pirates is to stay alive and second to maximize the gold they get.
Pirate 6 devises a plan which he knows will keep him alive. What is his plan of the distribution of the gold coins?
Approach:
Lets start the bottom up approach.
Lets say there was only 1 Pirate. It is straightforward that the coin would be with him and he would be alive.
For the case of 2 Pirates, the 2nd pirate would keep the coin with himself as he himself holds a share of 50% votes, leaving him alive and with 1 coin.
For the case of 3 pirates, if the 3rd pirate keeps the coin with himself then 2nd pirate would surely vote against him, as on his death the problem reduces to the case of 2 pirates where he would get the coin. 1st pirate is unaffected by this as he is not getting any advantage, so he may or may not vote for the 3rd pirate.
So essentially with this distribution the 3rd pirate holds a chance to get voted out and die.
To avoid this, 3rd pirate need to lure the 1st pirate which would happen only if he give the distribution of 1, 0, 0.
Similarly moving ahead you could arrive on the correct answer. In case you do, plz post in the comments and the approach


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